Unit 2 — Present simple

Present simple: форма

Базовая форма

Для I / we / you / they используется обычная форма глагола: I work, they live, you drive.

Для he / she / it добавляется -s или -es: he works, she goes, it does.

I / we / you / they	drive, work, do, have
he / she / it	drives, works, does, has

Когда использовать Present simple

Общие факты и привычки

Present simple описывает то, что происходит регулярно, повторяется или считается общим фактом.

Nurses look after patients.
I usually go away at weekends.
The earth goes round the sun.
The cafe opens at 7.30 in the morning.

Типичные маркеры частоты

alwaysusuallyoftensometimesneverevery dayevery weektwice a year

Сравните: How often do you go? — вопрос о регулярности. I go twice a month. — ответ с частотой.

Вопросы и отрицания: do / does

Questions

do	Do I / we / you / they work?
does	Does he / she / it work?

Negatives

do not / don’t	I / we / you / they don’t work
does not / doesn’t	he / she / it doesn’t work

Where do you come from?
I don’t go away very often.
What does this word mean?
Rice doesn’t grow in cold climates.

do может быть и вспомогательным, и смысловым глаголом: What do you do? / He doesn’t do anything to help.

Как часто что-то происходит

Для регулярности часто задают вопрос How often ...?

How often do you go to the dentist?
I get up at 8 o’clock every morning.
Robert goes away two or three times a year.

I promise / I apologise / I suggest

Present simple используется прямо в момент речи с некоторыми глаголами, когда мы обещаем, предлагаем, извиняемся, советуем или настаиваем.

I promiseI apologiseI suggestI adviseI insistI agreeI refuseI recommend

I promise I won’t be late.
I suggest that you wait.

✓

Exercises

2.1

Complete the sentences using the verbs.

cause(s)close(s)connect(s)go(es)live(s)speak(s)take(s)

1 Anna speaks English very well. Пример

2 The airport train to the city centre every hour. 3 Bad weather many delays. 4 This bridge the old town and the new district. 5 My aunt in a very small flat. 6 The museum at six o’clock on Sundays. 7 The city festival place every summer.

2.2

Put the verb into the correct form.

1 Julia doesn’t drink tea very often. (not / drink) Пример

2 What time here? (the banks / close) 3 I have a phone, but I it much. (not / use) 4 Where from? (Omar / come) 5 “What ?” “I’m an electrician.” (you / do) 6 Look at this sentence. What ? (this word / mean) 7 Mia isn’t very active. She much sport. (not / do) 8 It me 40 minutes to get to school. How long does it take you? (take)

2.3

Complete the sentences using these verbs. Sometimes you need the negative.

believeeatflowgogrowmakerisetelltranslate

1 The earth goes round the sun. Пример

2 Rice well in cold climates. 3 The sun in the east. 4 A translator from one language into another. 5 Vegetarians meat. 6 Liars are people who the truth. 7 Water downhill. 8 Bees honey. 9 An atheist in God.

2.4

You ask Lisa questions about herself and her family. Write the questions.

1 You know that Lisa plays tennis. You want to know how often. Ask her: How often do you play tennis? Пример

2 You want to know if Lisa’s sister plays tennis. Ответ: Does your sister play tennis? 3 Lisa goes to the cinema a lot. Ask how often. Ответ: How often do you go to the cinema? 4 You know Lisa’s brother works. Ask what he does. Ответ: What does your brother do? 5 You’re not sure whether Lisa speaks Spanish. Ответ: Do you speak Spanish? 6 You don’t know where Lisa’s grandparents live. Ответ: Where do your grandparents live?

При проверке правильность введённого текста не оценивается — сразу показываются ответы.

2.5

Complete using the following.

I agreeI apologiseI insistI promiseI recommendI suggest

1 Mark isn’t in the office today. I suggest you call him tomorrow. Пример

2 I won’t tell anybody what you said. Ответ: I promise 3 You must let me pay for the meal. Ответ: I insist 4 for what I said. I shouldn’t have said it.Ответ: I apologise / I apologize 5 The new restaurant in Baker Street is very good. it.Ответ: I recommend 6 I think you’re absolutely right. with you.Ответ: I agree

При проверке правильность введённого текста не оценивается — сразу показываются ответы.